*Tribe : Fulani
*Location: Guinea-Conakry, Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Chad
*Population: n/a
*Language: Pulaar, Fulfulde
*Types of art: n/a
*History: Fulani are a nomadic peoples who have been influential in regional politics, economics, and histories throughout western Africa for over a thousand years. They played a significant role in the rise and fall of the Mossi states in Burkina and also contributed to the migratory movements of people southward through Niger and Nigeria into Cameroon. They were also responsible for introducing and spreading Islam throughout much of western Africa. The height of the Fulani empire was between the early 1800s and early 1900s. This power was consolidated under Usman dan Fodio and was centered in northern Nigeria. Dan Fodio was a devout Muslim who used religious fervor to ignite his troops to undertake a series of holy wars. Following the early success of Islamic warriors, non-Islamic Fulani joined ranks with their fellows to form an extensive and powerful empire.
welcome to the world of Nigeria..
Description :
it's all about Africa , my motherland ..well im from Morocco but that "skyblog" is about north africa precisely "Nigeria" , i'll talk more about "igboland" where my love is born ...its traditions , customs, culture..etc.
it's dedicated to my special one Moussa ....i love u .
*Tribe: Igbo
*Location: Southeastern Nigeria
*Population: 8 million
*Language: Igbo (kwa)
*Types of art: Due to the diversity of the Igbo people, it is impossible to generalize about a pure Igbo art style, which has characteristically been representative of numerous geographical regions. It could be said, though, that most Igbo do carve and use masks, but the function of these masks vary from village to village. They are famous for Mbari architecture.
*History: It is believed that the Igbo originated in an area about 100 miles north of their current location at the confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers. They share linguistic ties with their neighbors the Bini, Igala, Yoruba, and Idoma, with the split between them probably occurring between five and six thousand years ago. The first Igbo in the region may have moved onto the Awka-Orlu plateau between four and five thousand years ago, before the emergence of sedentary agricultural practices. As this early group expanded, so too did the Igbo kingdom. The earliest surviving Igbo art forms are from the 10th century (Igbo Ukwu), and the fine quality of those copper alloy castings suggest that Igbo society had already achieved a level of technology rivaling contemporary Europeans.
*Location: Southeastern Nigeria
*Population: 8 million
*Language: Igbo (kwa)
*Types of art: Due to the diversity of the Igbo people, it is impossible to generalize about a pure Igbo art style, which has characteristically been representative of numerous geographical regions. It could be said, though, that most Igbo do carve and use masks, but the function of these masks vary from village to village. They are famous for Mbari architecture.
*History: It is believed that the Igbo originated in an area about 100 miles north of their current location at the confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers. They share linguistic ties with their neighbors the Bini, Igala, Yoruba, and Idoma, with the split between them probably occurring between five and six thousand years ago. The first Igbo in the region may have moved onto the Awka-Orlu plateau between four and five thousand years ago, before the emergence of sedentary agricultural practices. As this early group expanded, so too did the Igbo kingdom. The earliest surviving Igbo art forms are from the 10th century (Igbo Ukwu), and the fine quality of those copper alloy castings suggest that Igbo society had already achieved a level of technology rivaling contemporary Europeans.
The Igbo culture & traditions are very rich and rewarding particular that of Oraifite people.
HOSPITALITY:
Guests/Strangers/Visitors are often astonished by the way Oraifite people receive them. This way of life is inherited from their ancestors who hold that the gods can only help the villages if the villagers themselves are kind and open-hearted.
There is an old teasing myth which says "Oraifite buru ngwo ekwero ekene"...meaning when an Oraifite man returning from Ose (or mgbo) with his raffia palm wine. If you greet him, he will not reply...cause he will be oblige to offer you a cup of the palm wine to taste. This is only a myth!
Neighbours come together in the evenings to chat. If any family has any wine to spare it informs the neighbours who come and drink. Women are even more hospitable than the men. A house wife who has just finished preparing a new soup sends some to the house wives living nearby. As an excuse she would asks them to tell her whether or not there is enough salt or if there is too much pepper.
On important occasions every family sends food to their neighbouring families. If a family has a visitor/guest the neighbours will all entertain the visitor in turn. The wife goes to the house where the visitor is lodging and asks the host or hostess to bring the visitor to her house. Secretly she will find out what the new-comer likes and then prepares that food. When the guests arrive, kola is served and food is brought.
As always, palm wine is used to wash down the food. It is a sign of disrespect for the visitor to refuse food. On the other hand, visitors are not supposed to finish all the food. They are expected to leave morsel of it. Otherwise the impression is created that the guest has not had enough food to eat for a long time. As a rule enough food is provided.
RELIGION:
Oraifite people are predominantly Christians. It is estimated that they constitute the one of the largest block of Christians found anywhere on the Nigeria (possibly on African continent). Before the advent of Christianity, the Igbo and Oraifite people belief system revolved around one God, "Chi".
Because Chi is an omnipotent and omnipresent God, symbols or sanctuaries representing Chi can be found in every home, compound or village square. These sanctuaries are called different names in different parts of Oraifite and Igbo land due to the dialectical wealth of the people, the fact that Chi can be personalised as well as shared by the community, may explain the Igbo acceptance and affinity for the Christian religion.
LEADERSHIP:
Historically Igbo and Oraifite people have a complex and very sophisticated form of political life. Governmental power and governance was much more diffused in this region than elsewhere in Africa owing to a strict representative and republican nature of the people, at the lowest level of governance or community life, Oraifite people adhere to a strict "No representative no support" form of community involvement. Representation evolves from Elders through Chiefs and then the general populace.
PATROTISM:
Oraifite (and generally Igbo) society is very patri-lineal. The husband is the head of the household, and the well-being of the family is the man's foremost responsibility not only to his family but also to the larger community.
The extended family system is practised extensively and has been perfected by Oraifite people for community development and through every facet of life incuding commerce. Prior to the amalgamation of Nigeria, Igbo and Oraifite people were involved in Iron works, farming and commerce. Communities were organised in trading blocks for the exchange of goods and services.
Movement by people was minimal and largely unnecessary. As people moved around it was mostly out character to resettle permanently outside of one's place of birth. This may explain the Igbo and Oraifite penchant for general returns in recent days. Communities often encourage their sons and daughters from far away to return and as much as possible bring their offspring back to the ancestral home.
HOSPITALITY:
Guests/Strangers/Visitors are often astonished by the way Oraifite people receive them. This way of life is inherited from their ancestors who hold that the gods can only help the villages if the villagers themselves are kind and open-hearted.
There is an old teasing myth which says "Oraifite buru ngwo ekwero ekene"...meaning when an Oraifite man returning from Ose (or mgbo) with his raffia palm wine. If you greet him, he will not reply...cause he will be oblige to offer you a cup of the palm wine to taste. This is only a myth!
Neighbours come together in the evenings to chat. If any family has any wine to spare it informs the neighbours who come and drink. Women are even more hospitable than the men. A house wife who has just finished preparing a new soup sends some to the house wives living nearby. As an excuse she would asks them to tell her whether or not there is enough salt or if there is too much pepper.
On important occasions every family sends food to their neighbouring families. If a family has a visitor/guest the neighbours will all entertain the visitor in turn. The wife goes to the house where the visitor is lodging and asks the host or hostess to bring the visitor to her house. Secretly she will find out what the new-comer likes and then prepares that food. When the guests arrive, kola is served and food is brought.
As always, palm wine is used to wash down the food. It is a sign of disrespect for the visitor to refuse food. On the other hand, visitors are not supposed to finish all the food. They are expected to leave morsel of it. Otherwise the impression is created that the guest has not had enough food to eat for a long time. As a rule enough food is provided.
RELIGION:
Oraifite people are predominantly Christians. It is estimated that they constitute the one of the largest block of Christians found anywhere on the Nigeria (possibly on African continent). Before the advent of Christianity, the Igbo and Oraifite people belief system revolved around one God, "Chi".
Because Chi is an omnipotent and omnipresent God, symbols or sanctuaries representing Chi can be found in every home, compound or village square. These sanctuaries are called different names in different parts of Oraifite and Igbo land due to the dialectical wealth of the people, the fact that Chi can be personalised as well as shared by the community, may explain the Igbo acceptance and affinity for the Christian religion.
LEADERSHIP:
Historically Igbo and Oraifite people have a complex and very sophisticated form of political life. Governmental power and governance was much more diffused in this region than elsewhere in Africa owing to a strict representative and republican nature of the people, at the lowest level of governance or community life, Oraifite people adhere to a strict "No representative no support" form of community involvement. Representation evolves from Elders through Chiefs and then the general populace.
PATROTISM:
Oraifite (and generally Igbo) society is very patri-lineal. The husband is the head of the household, and the well-being of the family is the man's foremost responsibility not only to his family but also to the larger community.
The extended family system is practised extensively and has been perfected by Oraifite people for community development and through every facet of life incuding commerce. Prior to the amalgamation of Nigeria, Igbo and Oraifite people were involved in Iron works, farming and commerce. Communities were organised in trading blocks for the exchange of goods and services.
Movement by people was minimal and largely unnecessary. As people moved around it was mostly out character to resettle permanently outside of one's place of birth. This may explain the Igbo and Oraifite penchant for general returns in recent days. Communities often encourage their sons and daughters from far away to return and as much as possible bring their offspring back to the ancestral home.
As you probably know already, Ìgbo is one of the major African languages. Although it is spoken predominantly in Biafra (former Eastern Nigeria), it is widely spoken in almost all the countries of this world by the Ìgbo Diaspora. If you are an Ìgbo, it is important that you learn to speak, read, and write Ìgbo because the language of a people is their most important heritage on which the survival of their culture and their continued existence on earth as a people largely depend. If you are a foreigner (a tourist, a friend of the Ìgbo Nation, etc.), we thank you sincerely for your interest in our language, our culture, and our people. A knowledge of the Ìgbo Language will, amongst other things, give you the key to the heart of the Ìgbo people (Ńdị Ìgbo). In fact, it will enable you to understand why the Igbos are unique in Africa, why they are hated and admired by their erstwhile colonial masters and detractors, and, above all, why they are wanted and unwanted in the Nigeria they call their country. That said, let us begin our study of the language with a look at the writing or orthographic system.
the Igbo alphabet:
There are 36 letters in the Igbo alphabet. There are 8 vowels, 19 consonants, and 9 blends.
The Vowels (Udaume)
A—sounds like a in `awe'
E—sounds like a in `ate'
I—sounds like e in `eat'
I—sounds like e in `be' and has the stress
·
O—sounds like o in `sonnet'
O—sounds like o in `oat' and has the stress
·
U—sounds like o in `do'
U—sounds like u in `attitude'
The Consonants (Mgbochiume)
B
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
_
N—sounds like ñ or `ny'
P
R
S
T
V
W
Y
Z
The Blends (Udamkpi)
GB
GH
KP
SH
CH
GW
KW
NW
NY
the Igbo numbers:
1—Otu
2—Abua
3—Ato
4—Ano
5—Ise
6—Isii
7—Asaa
8—Asato
9—Iteghete (or Itolu)
10—Iri
11—Iri na otu
12—Iri na abua
13—Iri na ato
14—Iri na ano
15—Iri na ise
16—Iri na isii
17—Iri an asaa
18—Iri na asato
19—Iri na iteghete (or Iri na itolu)
20—Iri abua
30—Iri ato
40—Iri ano
50—Iri ise
60—Iri isii
70—Iri asaa
80—Iri asato
90—Iri iteghete (or Iri itolu)
100—Nari
1000—Puku
1,000,000—Nde
1,000,000,000—Njeri
days and times:
Days
Day—Ubochi
Week—Izu
Month—Onwa
Year—Afo
Yesterday—Unyaahu
Today—Taa
Tomorrow—Echi
Times
Time—Oge
Clock—Oge
Clock—Elekere
Second—Timtim
Minute—Nkeji
Hour—Elekere
Hour—Awa
Times of Day
Morning—Ututu
Afternoon—Ehihie
Night—Abali
The Market Days
In Nigeria there are 4 market days.
Eke (Ekeh)
Orie (Orieh)
Afo (Afor)
Nkwo (Nkwor)
There are 36 letters in the Igbo alphabet. There are 8 vowels, 19 consonants, and 9 blends.
The Vowels (Udaume)
A—sounds like a in `awe'
E—sounds like a in `ate'
I—sounds like e in `eat'
I—sounds like e in `be' and has the stress
·
O—sounds like o in `sonnet'
O—sounds like o in `oat' and has the stress
·
U—sounds like o in `do'
U—sounds like u in `attitude'
The Consonants (Mgbochiume)
B
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
_
N—sounds like ñ or `ny'
P
R
S
T
V
W
Y
Z
The Blends (Udamkpi)
GB
GH
KP
SH
CH
GW
KW
NW
NY
the Igbo numbers:
1—Otu
2—Abua
3—Ato
4—Ano
5—Ise
6—Isii
7—Asaa
8—Asato
9—Iteghete (or Itolu)
10—Iri
11—Iri na otu
12—Iri na abua
13—Iri na ato
14—Iri na ano
15—Iri na ise
16—Iri na isii
17—Iri an asaa
18—Iri na asato
19—Iri na iteghete (or Iri na itolu)
20—Iri abua
30—Iri ato
40—Iri ano
50—Iri ise
60—Iri isii
70—Iri asaa
80—Iri asato
90—Iri iteghete (or Iri itolu)
100—Nari
1000—Puku
1,000,000—Nde
1,000,000,000—Njeri
days and times:
Days
Day—Ubochi
Week—Izu
Month—Onwa
Year—Afo
Yesterday—Unyaahu
Today—Taa
Tomorrow—Echi
Times
Time—Oge
Clock—Oge
Clock—Elekere
Second—Timtim
Minute—Nkeji
Hour—Elekere
Hour—Awa
Times of Day
Morning—Ututu
Afternoon—Ehihie
Night—Abali
The Market Days
In Nigeria there are 4 market days.
Eke (Ekeh)
Orie (Orieh)
Afo (Afor)
Nkwo (Nkwor)
Partage